History of Philosophy - Summarized & Visualized
Adorno, Theodor11
1903–1969
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Epistemology, Political, Ethics, Aesthetics
Althusser, Louis15
1918–1990
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Epistemology, Political, Science, Metaphilosophy, Metaphysics
Anaximander4
610–546 BCE
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Metaphysics
Anaximenes2
585–528 BCE
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Metaphysics
Anscombe, Elizabeth17
1919–2001
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Ethics, Religion, Political
Anselm, Saint8
1033–1109
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Metaphysics, Religion, Epistemology, Ethics
Aquinas, Thomas20
1225–1274
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Epistemology, Religion, Metaphysics, Mind, Ethics, Political
Arendt, Hannah12
1906–1975
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Political, Epistemology, Metaphysics, Ethics
Aristippus2
435–356 BCE
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Ethics
Aristotle30
384–322 BCE
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Metaphysics, Epistemology, Logic, Religion, Ethics, Political, Aesthetics
Augustine, Saint17
354–430
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Metaphysics, Religion, Epistemology, Ethics, Political
Aurelius, Marcus17
121–180
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Metaphysics, Religion, Ethics
Austin, John5
1790–1859
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Ethics, Political
Austin, John Langshaw11
1911–1960
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Epistemology, Language, Metaphysics
Ayer, Alfred Jules17
1910–1989
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Metaphilosophy, Language, Metaphysics, Logic, Science, Epistemology, Mind, Aesthetics, Ethics
Bacon, Francis4
1561–1626
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Epistemology, Science, Metaphysics
Barthes, Roland15
1915–1980
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Language, Metaphysics, Aesthetics, Political, Epistemology
Bataille, Georges3
1897–1962
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Metaphysics, Political, Ethics
Baudrillard, Jean12
1929–2007
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Political, Metaphysics, Epistemology, Aesthetics
Beardsley, Monroe13
1915–1985
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Aesthetics, Ethics, Language
Beauvoir, Simone de15
1908–1986
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Metaphysics, Ethics, Political
Bell, Clive4
1881–1964
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Aesthetics
Benjamin, Walter9
1892–1940
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Aesthetics, Epistemology, Metaphysics, Political
Bentham, Jeremy12
1748–1832
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Ethics, Political
Bergson, Henri11
1859–1941
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Epistemology, Metaphysics
Berkeley, George8
1685–1753
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Ethics
Blackburn, Simon3
1944
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Ethics, Epistemology, Metaphysics
Block, Ned12
1942
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Mind
Boyd, Richard9
1942–2021
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Epistemology, Science, Metaphysics, Ethics
Bradley, Francis Herbert14
1846–1924
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Ethics, Religion, Metaphysics, Epistemology
Brentano, Franz13
1838–1917
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Metaphysics, Epistemology, Mind
Burke, Edmund10
1729–1797
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Political, Epistemology, Ethics, Aesthetics
Butler, Judith6
1956
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Metaphysics, Political
Campbell, Donald10
1916–1996
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Science, Aesthetics
Camus, Albert12
1913–1960
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Ethics, Metaphysics, Religion, Epistemology, Aesthetics
Carnap, Rudolf14
1891–1970
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Epistemology, Science, Logic, Metaphilosophy, Language, Metaphysics, Aesthetics
Cartwright, Nancy15
1944
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Epistemology, Science, Metaphysics
Chalmers, David18
1966
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Mind, Science, Metaphysics, Epistemology, Language
Chomsky, Noam11
1928
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Metaphysics, Language, Mind, Epistemology, Political, Ethics
Churchland, Paul & Patricia13
1942, 1943
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Epistemology, Science, Mind, Metaphysics, Metaphilosophy, Ethics
Clark, Andy7
1957
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Metaphysics, Mind
Conway, Anne9
1631–1679
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Metaphysics, Religion, Ethics
Croce, Benedetto18
1866–1952
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Metaphysics, Aesthetics, Epistemology
Danto, Arthur17
1924–2013
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Aesthetics, Metaphysics, Epistemology
Darwin, Charles8
1809–1882
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Metaphysics, Science, Religion
Davidson, Donald19
1917–2003
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Epistemology, Language, Metaphysics, Mind, Science
Dawkins, Richard7
1941
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Metaphysics, Science
Deleuze, Gilles17
1925–1995
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Metaphysics, Epistemology, Metaphilosophy, Political
Democritus & Leucippus3
5th century BCE
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Metaphysics
Dennett, Daniel26
1942–2024
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Metaphysics, Science, Epistemology, Mind, Ethics, Metaphilosophy
Derrida, Jacques8
1930–2004
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Language, Aesthetics
Descartes, René15
1596–1650
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Epistemology, Metaphysics
Dewey, John12
1859–1952
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Epistemology, Science, Metaphysics, Ethics, Political, Aesthetics
Dickie, George4
1926–2020
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Aesthetics
Diogenes3
404–323 BCE
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Ethics, Political
Duhem, Pierre11
1861–1916
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Epistemology, Science, Metaphysics, Religion
Dummett, Michael8
1925–2011
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Epistemology, Language, Metaphysics
Eddington, Arthur6
1882–1944
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Science, Mind
Empedocles1
490–430 BCE
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Metaphysics
Epictetus10
c. 50 – c. 135
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Metaphysics, Religion, Epistemology, Ethics
Epicurus11
341–270 BCE
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Metaphysics, Political, Religion, Ethics
Erigena, John Scotus2
815–877
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Epistemology, Religion
Eubulides3
4th century BCE
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Metaphysics, Epistemology
Feuerbach, Ludwig9
1804–1872
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Religion, Metaphysics
Feyerabend, Paul9
1924–1994
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Epistemology, Science, Political
Fichte, Johann Gottlieb10
1762–1814
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Epistemology, Science, Metaphysics, Ethics, Metaphilosophy
Fodor, Jerry14
1935–2017
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Science, Metaphysics, Epistemology, Mind, Language
Foot, Philippa20
1920–2010
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Ethics, Epistemology
Foucault, Michel15
1926–1984
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Political, Science, Ethics
Frankena, William2
1908–1994
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Ethics
Frankfurt, Harry8
1929–2023
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Metaphysics, Mind, Ethics, Political
Frege, Gottlob14
1848–1925
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Metaphysics, Epistemology, Logic, Language, Mind
Freud, Sigmund17
1856–1939
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Metaphysics, Mind, Political, Epistemology, Religion, Ethics, Science, Aesthetics
Geach, Peter16
1916–2013
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Logic, Language, Metaphysics, Ethics, Mind, Religion
Gettier, Edmund1
1927–2021
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Epistemology
Gilligan, Carol2
1936
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Ethics
Goldman, Alvin5
1938–2024
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Mind
Gombrich, Ernst7
1909–2001
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Aesthetics, Epistemology
Goodman, Nelson26
1906–1998
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Epistemology, Mind, Logic, Language, Metaphysics, Aesthetics, Science, Metaphilosophy
Gramsci, Antonio15
1891–1937
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Metaphysics, Metaphilosophy, Ethics, Political
Greenberg, Clement6
1909–1994
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Aesthetics, Metaphysics
Grice, Paul8
1913–1988
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Language, Epistemology, Mind
Gödel, Kurt2
1906–1978
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Epistemology, Logic
Haack, Susan13
1945–2026
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Epistemology, Logic, Science, Metaphysics, Political
Habermas, Jürgen18
1929–2026
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Metaphilosophy, Political, Language, Epistemology, Ethics, Metaphysics
Haraway, Donna15
1944
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Political, Metaphysics, Epistemology, Science
Harding, Sandra9
1935–2025
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Epistemology, Science, Political
Hare, Richard7
1919–2002
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Ethics, Language
Hart, Herbert Lionel Adolphus13
1907–1992
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Political, Ethics
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich25
1770–1831
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Metaphysics, Epistemology, Logic, Religion, Political, Ethics, Aesthetics, Metaphilosophy
Heidegger, Martin24
1889–1976
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Language, Ethics, Political, Science, Aesthetics
Hempel, Carl11
1905–1997
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Epistemology, Science, Mind
Heraclitus3
535–475 BCE
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Metaphysics
Hirsch, Eli2
1938
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Metaphysics, Logic, Language
Hobbes, Thomas17
1588–1679
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Metaphysics, Ethics, Political
Hofstadter, Douglas10
1945
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Mind, Metaphysics, Ethics
Hull, David10
1935–2010
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Epistemology, Science, Metaphysics, Political
Hume, David30
1711–1776
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Mind, Ethics, Religion, Aesthetics
Husserl, Edmund15
1859–1938
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Mind, Logic
Hutcheson, Francis9
1694–1746
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Metaphysics, Ethics, Political, Aesthetics
Irigaray, Luce8
1932
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Epistemology, Political, Language, Metaphilosophy, Metaphysics, Ethics, Science
Jackson, Frank8
1943
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Epistemology, Mind, Metaphysics, Science, Ethics
James, William14
1842–1910
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Religion, Mind, Science, Ethics
Kant, Immanuel31
1724–1804
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Religion, Ethics, Aesthetics, Political
Kelsen, Hans9
1881–1973
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Political, Ethics
Kierkegaard, Søren7
1813–1855
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Metaphysics, Ethics, Religion, Epistemology
Kripke, Saul11
1940–2022
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Logic, Language, Metaphysics, Epistemology
Kuhn, Thomas13
1922–1996
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Epistemology, Science
Lacan, Jacques11
1901–1981
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Metaphysics, Epistemology, Language, Political
Ladyman, James12
1969
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Metaphysics, Science, Epistemology
Lakatos, Imre11
1922–1974
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Epistemology, Science, Political, Logic
Langer, Suzanne4
1895–1985
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Aesthetics, Epistemology
Laudan, Larry8
1941–2022
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Epistemology, Science, Political
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm22
1646–1716
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Religion, Mind, Logic
Lewis, David18
1941–2001
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Metaphysics, Logic, Language, Epistemology, Science, Mind
Lewontin, Richard10
1929–2021
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Metaphysics, Epistemology, Political, Science
Locke, John23
1632–1704
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Ethics, Political, Religion
Lyotard, Jean-François9
1924–1998
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Metaphysics, Epistemology, Political, Science, Aesthetics
Machiavelli, Niccolò5
1469–1527
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Political, Ethics
Mackie, John18
1917–1981
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Ethics, Metaphysics, Epistemology, Mind, Religion
Marx, Karl19
1818–1883
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Metaphysics, Political, Ethics, Religion, Metaphilosophy
Mayr, Ernst3
1904–2005
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Science
McDowell, John11
1942
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Language, Ethics
McTaggart, John Ellis11
1866–1925
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Epistemology, Metaphilosophy, Metaphysics
Melden, Abraham Irving2
1910–1991
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Metaphysics, Ethics
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice11
1908–1961
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Metaphysics, Epistemology, Mind
Mill, John Stuart26
1806–1873
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Ethics, Political, Epistemology, Religion, Metaphysics, Science, Mind, Logic, Language
Moore, George Edward12
1873–1958
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Language, Logic, Ethics
Nagel, Thomas15
1937
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Epistemology, Science, Mind, Metaphysics, Ethics
Nietzsche, Friedrich22
1844–1900
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Metaphysics, Language, Epistemology, Science, Ethics, Political, Religion, Aesthetics
Nozick, Robert9
1938–2002
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Ethics, Political, Epistemology
Nussbaum, Martha13
1947
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Ethics, Metaphysics, Epistemology, Political, Aesthetics
Oppy, Graham10
1960
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Religion, Epistemology, Metaphysics, Ethics
Paley, William2
1743–1805
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Metaphysics, Religion, Ethics
Parfit, Derek13
1942–2017
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Metaphysics, Ethics, Mind, Epistemology, Political
Parmenides4
515–460 BCE
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Metaphysics
Pascal, Blaise3
1623–1662
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Religion
Peirce, Charles Sanders14
1839–1914
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Epistemology, Science, Metaphysics, Metaphilosophy, Mind, Language
Plantinga, Alvin16
1932
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Epistemology, Religion, Metaphysics, Ethics, Metaphilosophy
Plato22
427–347 BCE
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Metaphysics, Epistemology, Religion, Ethics, Political, Aesthetics
Plotinus4
204–270
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Metaphysics, Ethics, Aesthetics
Poincaré, Henri11
1854–1912
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Epistemology, Logic, Metaphysics, Mind, Science
Popper, Karl17
1902–1994
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Metaphysics, Epistemology, Science, Mind, Political
Priest, Graham11
1948
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Language, Logic, Epistemology, Metaphysics
Protagoras2
c. 490 – c. 420 BCE
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Ethics, Religion
Putnam, Hilary18
1926–2016
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Epistemology, Science, Metaphysics, Language, Logic, Mind, Aesthetics
Pyrrho3
360–270 BCE
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Epistemology, Ethics
Pythagoras3
570–497 BCE
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Metaphysics, Religion, Epistemology
Quine, Willard Van Orman20
1908–2000
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Metaphysics, Language, Epistemology, Logic, Science, Religion
Ramsey, Frank15
1903–1930
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Metaphysics, Language, Epistemology, Logic, Science, Metaphilosophy
Rawls, John14
1921–2002
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Ethics, Political, Epistemology
Reid, Thomas19
1710–1796
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Epistemology, Mind, Metaphysics, Ethics, Language, Aesthetics
Rorty, Richard14
1931–2007
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Epistemology, Language, Metaphysics, Metaphilosophy, Ethics, Political, Mind, Science
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques24
1712–1778
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Political, Ethics, Religion, Epistemology
Russell, Bertrand24
1872–1970
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Metaphysics, Logic, Epistemology, Language, Science, Mind, Ethics, Political
Ryle, Gilbert16
1900–1976
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Epistemology, Logic, Metaphysics, Science, Mind, Ethics
Santayana, George12
1863–1952
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Ethics
Sartre, Jean-Paul17
1905–1980
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Mind, Ethics, Religion, Political, Aesthetics
Saussure, Ferdinand de12
1857–1913
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Metaphysics, Language, Epistemology
Scanlon, Tim11
1940
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Ethics, Metaphysics, Epistemology, Political
Schelling, Friedrich7
1775–1854
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Metaphysics, Aesthetics
Schopenhauer, Arthur21
1788–1860
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Metaphysics, Epistemology, Ethics, Religion, Aesthetics, Political
Searle, John18
1932–2025
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Language, Metaphysics, Mind, Science, Epistemology, Ethics
Sellars, Wilfrid9
1912–1989
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Epistemology, Science, Metaphysics, Mind, Metaphilosophy
Sibley, Frank3
1923–1996
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Aesthetics
Singer, Peter11
1946
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Ethics
Skinner, Burrhus Frederic6
1904–1990
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Mind, Science, Metaphysics
Smart, John Jamieson Carswell12
1920–2012
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Metaphysics, Science, Epistemology, Mind, Ethics
Socrates7
470–399 BCE
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Ethics, Metaphysics, Epistemology
Spinoza, Benedict24
1632–1677
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Epistemology, Religion, Metaphysics, Ethics, Aesthetics, Political
Stebbing, Susan9
1885–1943
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Epistemology, Metaphilosophy, Logic, Language, Metaphysics, Political
Strawson, Galen12
1952
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Science, Mind, Ethics
Strawson, Peter9
1919–2006
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Epistemology, Language, Metaphysics
Tarski, Alfred7
1901–1983
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Epistemology, Logic, Language, Metaphysics
Thales1
c. 620 – c. 546 BCE
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Metaphysics
Thomson, Judith Jarvis17
1929–2020
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Metaphysics, Ethics
Timon of Phlius1
320–230 BCE
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Epistemology, Logic
Van Fraassen, Bas11
1941
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Science, Epistemology, Metaphysics
Varela, Francisco8
1946–2001
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Metaphysics, Science, Mind
Weitz, Morris4
1916–1981
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Aesthetics
William of Ockham13
1287–1347
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Language, Mind, Logic, Religion, Ethics, Political
Williams, Bernard12
1929–2003
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Epistemology, Science, Ethics, Metaphilosophy
Winch, Peter4
1926–1997
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Metaphysics, Ethics, Epistemology
Wittgenstein, Ludwig16
1889–1951
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Ethics, Language, Metaphilosophy, Mind
Wollstonecraft, Mary8
1759–1797
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Political, Ethics
Worrall, John5
1946
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Epistemology, Science, Metaphysics
Xenophanes2
570–475 BCE
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Epistemology, Political, Religion
Zeno of Citium7
334–262 BCE
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Metaphysics, Religion, Ethics
Zeno of Elea3
490–430 BCE
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Epistemology, Metaphysics, Logic